Equilibrium is the sole reason behind the static unit, Equilibrium is the forces that make an equal and opposite reaction to keep the beam, wall, arm etc where is is without moving. It is extremely important to get an understanding of "Free Body Diagrams" and also to understand which element you want to focus on within the object.
Shown below is a series of Free Body Diagrams with the Ball being attached to a wall by a piece of string, with the end equation for Force's in X and Y Direction shown. (This will change depending on the application)
The second example is a little more complex, and although it only looks like a bunch of lines think of it as a digger. A-C are the main arm with C and beyond (W) the bucket. All dimensions are listed and if the Weight was given all the forces could be calculated.
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